Memory devices
Primary storage
These are the tips in which data and programs are immediately received and stored.
1.Red-Right Memory, RAM (RAM)
Random access memory - This is the most important memory of a computer. In this memory, users can store their programs for some time. In simple language, this memory is called RAM. This is also called basic memory of computer. It is of the following two types -
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Dynamic means dynamic. If 10 data is stored on this RAM and then the two figures in between are erased, then all the remaining figures are automatically moved to the middle space and the middle space is used.
(SRAM)
The data stored in the static RAM is located. If the middle two figures are erased in this RAM, further data will not be moved in this empty space. As a result, this space cannot be used until the entire memory is "washed" and started working afresh.
2.Read Only Memory
The important memory ROM of a modern computer is that in which the output of the written program can only be read, but its program cannot be stored in it. A program called Basic Input Output System (BIOS) is an example of a ROM, which performs the task of checking and controlling all the input output devices of a computer when it is turned on.
Programmable ROM (PROM)
A program can only be stored once in this memory, but it can neither be erased nor modified.
Erasable prom (EPROM)
This I.C. The program stored in can be erased through ultraviolet rays. As a result, this I.C. Can be used again. EEPROM
No other equipment is required to erase or modify programs stored on an electrically erasable prom. When given commands, only the electrical signals available in the computer modify this program.
13. Compiler and Interpreter
Compiler
A compiler is part of a computer's system software. A compiler is a program that translates programs written in a high-level language into the machine language of a computer. This work is shown in the following figure.
High Level Language Program -> Compiler -> Machine Language Program
There is a different compiler for each programming language. First it checks every statement or order of our program to see if it is correct according to the grammar of that programming language. If there is no grammar mistake in the program, the compiler The second part of the work begins. If a mistake is found, it tells which statement is wrong. If a major fault is found in the program, the compiler stops there. Then we fix the mistakes of the program and give it again to the compiler.
Interpreter
The interruptor also acts like a compiler. The difference is that the compiler converts the entire program into machine language simultaneously and the interpreter converts each line of the program into machine language. The interface is loaded into memory before the program is written.
Difference between compiler and interpreter
The interpreter converts each line of program written in high-level language into machine language as soon as it enters the computer, while the compiler converts it into machine language after the entire program is entered.
15. Multi-processing and multi-tasking
Multi Processing and Multi Tasking
Multi processing
There is more than one CPU on the system to edit more than one task at a time. This technique is called multi processing. Multi-processing systems have been designed keeping in mind the multi-processor systems.
Due to more than one processor available, there is coordination between input output and processing functions. More than one CP of the same kind. Systems that use U are called symmetric multi processor systems.
Multi tasking
Mutual control in multiple processes kept in memory is called multi tasking. Before removing the control from a program, its pre-condition is saved when control comes to the program. The program remains in its previous state. In multi-tasking, the user gets a feeling that all the tasks are running simultaneously.
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