Operating System
it is interface between user hardware and machine software.
Operating System
The operating system is a group of systematically frozen software that controls the transmission of data and instructions.
why operating system required
The operating system acts as a mediator between hardware and software.
The computer itself does not exist.
It is only a group of hardware such as keyboards, monitors, CPUs, etc. Operating system establishes the bonding between all the hardware and software.
Due to the operating system, the user does not required to keep all information about different parts of the computer.
The user can do their each work without stress, it distributes and arranges the resources of the system.
many other useful departments of the operating system, many of which are performed by central processors.
For example, if printing is done, the central processor leaves the work on the operating system by giving the necessary commands And he himself starts doing the next job (work).
Apart from this, renaming the file, changing directory contents, changing directory etc. are done by the operating system. Under this comes the following tasks
1) File system
Create, delete and move files from one place to another. Organizing the file directory. 2) Process
Distribute programs and data into memory. And to initiate and synchronize the process. Instructions for copying user directory files, directories, etc. 3) Input / output
Intermediary for monitor printer disk, keyboard,mouse etc.
Type of Operating System
The operating system is divided into two parts based on user count.
1) Single User
A single user operating system is an operating system in which only one user can operate at a time.
2) Multiple Users
Operating system in which more than one user can work at the same time.
It is also divided into two parts based on the mode of working.
1) Character user interface
When the user communicates with the system by character, then this operating system is called character user interface.
Example dos, unix
graphical interface
When user interacts with images from computer, it is called graphical user interface.
Example window
21. What is data, process and information?
What is data?
A set of imperfect fact points and statistics, which process meaningful information.
what is the procedure ?
The process of arranging data such as letters, numbers, statistics or a picture is called counting. The data is then compiled, checked and arranged in an orderly order, then sent to various individuals (who need information). The process consists of the following terms.
Calculation: - Add, subtract, fold, divide.
Comparison: equal, big small, zero, positive negative.
Decision Making: Different states depending on a cold.
Rationale: The order of positions to achieve the required result.
Calculation of numbers (digits) alone is not called process. Finding errors in the documents with the help of computer, arranging the system etc. is also called process.
What is information?
The data that has been processed is called information. Meaningful facts, numbers or statistics are information. In other words, the meaningful data that is received after processing the data is called information. There is useful material possessing the properties of different categories of conformity - information is necessary and helpful due to the following reasons-
(a) this information
(b) It helps in taking decisions for present and future
(c) It is helpful in evaluating the future.
Quality of information
We know that information is an essential factor for a system, therefore information should have the following properties:
(a) Meaningfulness
(b) Awesome elements
(c) Consent to prior information
(d) correction of prior information
(e) brevity
(f) purity or precision
(g) Timeline
(h) Assistant in performance
0 Comments